NBS released data showing China's R&D expenditure climbed 8.2% year on year to 3.93 trillion yuan in 2025. R&D intensity reached 2.8% of GDP, surpassing the OECD average for the first time. Basic research spending posted a 13.3% year-on-year increase. Enterprise R&D spending exceeded 3 trillion yuan, taking up 77.4% of the total. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, R&D spending grew by an average of 10% annually.